21.0 U

21.1 ugly
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ugly adj. 1 unattractive, unlovely, unprepossessing, unsightly,
hideous, grotesque, gruesome, ghastly, offensive,
repulsive-looking, plain, plain-looking, plain-featured,
bad-featured, ill-favoured, dreadful-looking, awful-looking,
terrible-looking, horrible-looking, frightful-looking,
monstrous-looking, US and Canadian homely: The Georgian houses
were demolished and replaced by ugly tower-blocks. 2
objectionable, disagreeable, unpleasant, offensive, nasty,
loathsome, repellent, repugnant, repulsive, noisome, nauseating,
nauseous, revolting, sickening, disgusting, obnoxious, mephitic,
rotten, corrupt, filthy, vile, heinous, bad, sordid, evil, foul,
perverted, immoral, depraved, degenerate, base, debased,
detestable, hateful, abominable, execrable, despicable, odious:
The East End murders were among the ugliest crimes of the
century. He sprang from his seat with an ugly curse on his
lips. 3 disquieting, uncomfortable, discomforting, troublesome,
awkward, disadvantageous, ominous, dangerous, perilous,
hazardous: He found himself in a very ugly position, with no
apparent means of escape. 4 unpleasant, disagreeable, surly,
hostile, nasty, spiteful, bad-tempered, ill-tempered, currish,
irascible, curmudgeonly, cantankerous, crabby, crabbed,
crotchety, cross, cranky, mean: He's in an ugly mood till he's
had his coffee.

21.2 ulcer...
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ulcer n. 1 sore, lesion, abscess, ulceration, canker, chancre, boil,

gumboil, eruption, carbuncle, inflammation: That ulcer should
be treated before it gets any worse. 2 cancer, canker,
festering spot, blight, scourge, poison, disease, pestilence,
curse, bane, plague: We must purge this ulcer before it
corrupts the entire organization.

ulcerous adj. ulcerative, cancerous, cankerous, festering, ulcerated,
ulcerative, suppurating, suppurative, gangrenous, septic,
Technical furuncular, furunculous, necrotic, necrosed,
sphacelated: The wound is in an ulcerous condition and requires
immediate surgery.

ulterior adj. 1 hidden, concealed, covert, secret, unrevealed,
undisclosed, unexpressed, private, personal, underlying,
surreptitious, underhand(ed): She had an ulterior motive for
arriving early. 2 outside, beyond, further, remote, remoter:
What you propose is ulterior to our immediate plan.

ultimate adj. 1 final, last, terminating, terminal, end, eventual,
conclusive, concluding, decisive, deciding: The ultimate
outcome will not be known till next week. Who is the ultimate
authority in such matters? 2 final, maximum, highest, greatest,
supreme, utmost, paramount: Her ultimate goal is to win the
gold medal. 3 elemental, basic, fundamental, underlying,
primary, essential, final: He believes that the ultimate truths
were set down in Scripture. 4 remotest, furthest, farthest,
extreme, uttermost, last, final: The ultimate stage of the
experiment will be at a distance of five light-years.


ultimately
adv. finally, at long last, in the final or last analysis, in
the end, at the end of the day, after all is said and done, at
(the) last, in the long run; fundamentally, essentially,
basically, at bottom: I thought it might ultimately come to
this. He came to understand that ultimately people must depend
on each other.

ultimatum n. demand(s), term(s), condition(s), stipulation(s),
requirement(s): If we refuse to comply with his ultimatum,
he'll kill the hostage.

ultra- adj. extreme, immoderate, excessive, drastic, radical,
fanatic(al), unmitigated, outrageous, unqualified, sheer,

blatant, out-and-out, complete, thorough, thoroughgoing, dyed in
the wool, die-hard, rabid, opinionated, unregenerate,
unrepentant, unreformed, fundamentalist, prejudiced, bigoted,
Colloq hard-nosed: Ultra-conservativism marked his views till
the day he died.

21.3 umbrage...
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umbrage n. Usually, take umbrage. feel or be offended, take offence,
feel displeasure or annoyance or exasperation or indignation or
vexation or bitterness or resentment, be piqued or displeased or
annoyed or exasperated or indignant or vexed or resentful,
harbour a grudge: She took umbrage at the way he seemed to
ignore her.

umbrella n. 1 parasol; Colloq chiefly Brit gamp, Brit brolly, US
bumbershoot: You will need an umbrella today. 2 protection,
cover, coverage, aegis, shield, screen, patronage, agency: What
benefits are included under the umbrella of this policy?

umpire n. 1 referee, arbiter, judge, moderator, adjudicator,
arbitrator; official; Colloq ref, Australian umpy, US ump: The
sides agree to abide by the decision of the umpire.

--v. 2 referee, arbitrate, judge, moderate, adjudicate;
officiate: When Peter Jones umpires a game, the players know
they will get a fair decision.


umpteen adj. a lot of, many, innumerable, unnumbered, countless, a huge
number of, very many, numerous, hundreds of, thousands of,
millions of, billions of, trillions of: You've been told
umpteen times, 'Don't go near the water'.


21.4 unabashed...
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unabashed adj. unashamed, unblushing, unembarrassed, brazen, blatant,
bold, undaunted, unawed, undismayed, unconcerned: I couldn't
put up with his unabashed conceit for another moment.

unable adj. not able, powerless, unfit, unqualified, impotent: The
company was unable to give guarantees about continuity of
employment.


unabridged
adj. 1 uncut, whole, full-length, entire, complete, intact,
uncondensed, unshortened; unbowdlerized, unexpurgated: This is
the original, unabridged edition, with nothing removed. 2
extensive, thorough, comprehensive, exhaustive,
all-encompassing, (all-)inclusive: That word is too rare to be
listed in anything but an unabridged dictionary.

unaccented
adj. unstressed, unemphasized, unaccentuated, weak, Technical
lenis: The first syllable of 'before' is unaccented.

unacceptable
adj. unsatisfactory, objectionable, wrong, bad, improper,
unallowable, undesirable, not de rigueur, distasteful,
disagreeable, unsuitable, inappropriate, unpleasant, tasteless:
Murder is generally regarded as an unacceptable way to relieve
oneself of unwanted company.

unaccompanied
adj. alone, solo, on (one's) own, unescorted, unchaperoned,
unattended, Music a cappella, Colloq stag: We went to the dance
unaccompanied.

unaccountable
adj. 1 unexplained, inexplicable, unexplainable, mysterious,
inscrutable, incomprehensible, unintelligible, strange,
puzzling, baffling, peculiar, odd, bizarre, unfathomable: I
found it unaccountable that anyone would arrive for an
appointment four hours early. 2 not answerable, not responsible:
How can you have a governmental committee that is unaccountable
to anyone? 3 weird, unheard-of, extraordinary, unusual,
unorthodox, uncanny: Sophie has unaccountable powers of
perception.


unaccustomed
adj. 1 unfamiliar, unusual, rare, unexpected, uncommon,
unprecedented, unanticipated, curious, peculiar: They
encountered unaccustomed hostility from local people. 2

unaccustomed to. unused to, inexperienced in or at, amateurish
at, unpractised in or at, unfamiliar with, uninitiated in:
Unaccustomed as I am to public speaking, I had better be brief.


unadorned adj. plain, simple, unembellished, undecorated, unornamented,
stark, bare, austere: She prefers an unadorned style, without
frills.

unaffectedฐ
adj. genuine, real, sincere, natural, simple, plain,
unpretentious, unassuming, ingenuous, unsophisticated,
unstudied, honest, guileless, artless, unartificial,
straightforward, unfeigned: He conveyed in simple unaffected
language a clear impression of the nightmarish quality of that
day.

unaffected
adj. Usually, unaffected by. impervious (to), immune (to),
untouched (by), unmoved (by), unresponsive (to), aloof (to or
from), uninfluenced (by), unimpressed (by), remote (to or from),
cool or cold (to), unconcerned (by), unstirred (by): The
duchess remained totally unaffected by the children's appeals
for help.


unapproachable
adj. 1 distant, remote, aloof, reserved, standoffish, austere,
withdrawn, unfriendly, forbidding, chilly, cool, cold, frigid:
James seems unapproachable, but in fact he's a very warm person.
2 inaccessible, remote, unreachable, out-of-the-way, out of
reach, beyond reach: Her house is unapproachable except from
the sea.

unarmed adj. unprotected, defenceless, weaponless: The army began
shooting unarmed civilians.


unasked adj. uninvited, unrequested, undemanded, unsolicited, unsought,
unwanted, unprompted, gratuitous, unbidden, spontaneous,
unwelcome, unasked for: I wish he would keep his unasked
opinions to himself.


unattached
adj. 1 separate, unconnected, detached, independent,
unaffiliated, self-governing, self-regulating, self-regulated,

autonomous, self-reliant, self-sustaining, self-sustained: The
committee was established as an unattached body, not associated
with any organization. 2 single, unmarried, uncommitted,
unengaged, on (one's) own, unspoken for: I joined the club
hoping to meet some unattached people.

unauthorized
adj. unsanctioned, unapproved, unofficial, unlawful, illegal,
illicit, illegitimate: Unauthorized use of the company's
parking spaces is prohibited.

unavoidable
adj. inescapable, ineluctable, inevitable, irresistible,
inexorable, sure, certain, fated, destined, predestined,
determined, predetermined, unchangeable, unalterable, settled,
fixed, definite: Punishment is an unavoidable consequence of
getting caught for something you shouldn't have done.

unaware adj. ignorant, oblivious, unknowing, unsuspecting, unconscious,
uninformed, unenlightened, incognizant, inobservant, insensible,
heedless, unmindful, unsuspecting: She was totally unaware of
the huge spider dangling directly over her.

unawares adv. 1 unexpectedly, abruptly, by surprise, suddenly, off
(one's) guard: We caught the sentry unawares. 2 inadvertently,
unconsciously, unintentionally, unknowingly, unwittingly, by
mistake, mistakenly, by accident, accidentally, in an unguarded
moment: She had betrayed her closest friend unawares.


unbalanced
adj. 1 uneven, asymmetric(al), unsymmetric(al), lopsided,
unequal, overbalanced, unstable, wobbly, shaky, unsteady: That
stack of chairs is unbalanced and could fall any minute. 2 mad,
demented, certifiable, crazy, insane, eccentric, non compos
mentis, touched (in the head), unstable, unhinged, deranged,
disturbed, of unsound mind, out of (one's) head, Colloq daffy,
dizzy, Chiefly Brit daft, Slang nuts, batty, off (one's) rocker,
Chiefly Brit bonkers, US out of one's gourd, loco: The boy is
clearly unbalanced, but that doesn't excuse his appalling
behaviour.

unbearable
adj. intolerable, unsupportable, unendurable, insufferable,

unacceptable, too much: The pain in her side was almost
unbearable.

unbeatable
adj. unsurpassable, undefeatable, excellent, unexcelled,
incomparable, matchless, unrivalled, peerless, unparalleled,
superlative, supreme: She'll go far with such an unbeatable
combination of looks and brains.


unbecoming
adj. 1 unsuited, unsuitable, inappropriate, ill-suited,
unfitting, unfit, inapt, unapt, out of character, out of place:
It is unbecoming to wear your mink coat to the Save the Animals
fund-raising dinner. 2 indecorous, unseemly, indelicate,
improper, ungentlemanly, unladylike, offensive, tasteless:
Father said it was unbecoming for her to use such foul language.

unbelievable
adj. incredible, preposterous, inconceivable, unimaginable,
mind-boggling, implausible, unthinkable: The amount of money
they spend on clothes is unbelievable. He told an unbelievable
tale about having been picked up by a flying saucer.

unbelieving
adj. incredulous, disbelieving, non-believing, doubting,
mistrusting, distrusting, mistrustful, distrustful, suspicious,
sceptical, unpersuaded, unconvinced: The unbelieving world
thinks that the age of miracles is past.


uncertain adj. 1 unsure, indeterminate, unpredictable, undeterminable,
unforeseeable, unascertainable, haphazard, chance, arbitrary,
random, aleatory, serendipitous, hit-or-miss, casual: It is
uncertain whether interest rates will rise again next month. 2
unsure, in or of two minds, vacillating, undecided, unclear,
ambivalent, irresolute, indecisive, hesitant, hesitating,
undetermined, shilly-shallying, Brit at a loose end, US at loose
ends: Julia is uncertain about what to do next. 3 unsure,
indeterminate, up in the air, indefinite, unpredictable,
unresolved, unsettled, in the balance, conjectural, speculative,
debatable, touch-and-go, unreliable, doubtful, dubious,
questionable, vague, hazy: The future of the company is now
uncertain. The results of the election are still uncertain. 4
variable, changeable, inconstant, unfixed, unsettled, irregular,

fickle, erratic, fitful, unsteady, wavering, unreliable,
sporadic, occasional; unmethodical, unsystematic: The pictures
in the cave danced in the uncertain light of the torch. How can
we make an appointment if your plans are so uncertain?


uncharted adj. unmapped, unknown, unexplored, undiscovered, unfamiliar,
strange, virgin, trackless: For weeks he wandered lost in the
uncharted jungle.


unchaste adj. impure, wanton, immoral, unvirtuous, promiscuous,
immodest, Cyprian, debased, lecherous, lewd, lascivious: Her
unchaste conduct was a topic of conversation throughout the
school.


uncivilized
adj. 1 barbarous, savage, wild, uncultivated, barbarian,
barbaric, crude, primitive, brutish: He was an uncivilized man
living in uncivilized surroundings. 2 unrefined, uncultured,
uncouth, loutish, coarse, uneducated, untutored, unpolished,
churlish, boorish, philistine, provincial, rough, rude,
unlearned, ill-mannered, incondite, unmannerly, unsophisticated,
inelegant, gross, gauche: Anna's father forbade her to go out
with the uncivilized boors in the nearby town.


unconscionable
adj. 1 conscienceless, unscrupulous, amoral, unprincipled,
immoral, unethical, evil, criminal, unjust, wicked, arrant:
This unconscionable thief stole from his own mother. 2
excessive, extortionate, egregious, extreme, unwarranted,
unreasonable, outrageous, inordinate, immoderate, exorbitant,
indefensible, unpardonable, inexcusable, unforgivable: When I
questioned the unconscionable size of his bill, the plumber
explained that he charges extra for house calls.


unconscious
adj. 1 insensible, out (cold), knocked out, senseless, numb,
stunned, comatose, dead to the world, Colloq blacked-out: The
patient was unconscious for hours. 2 Often, unconscious of.
heedless (of or to), unheeding, unheedful (of), insensitive
(to), mindless, unmindful (of), reflex, automatic, involuntary,
unintentional, instinctive, subliminal, unthinking,
unpremeditated, subconscious, unwitting; blind (to), unaware
(of), oblivious (to or of), deaf (to): For Tim, scratching his

head is an unconscious act. Tim is totally unconscious of how
irritating his mannerisms are.

uncontrolled
adj. unrestrained, ungoverned, unchecked, untrammelled,
undisciplined, wild, unruly, boisterous, riotous, out of hand or
of control, rampant, frenzied, frantic; going berserk, running
amok or amuck: He hit his brother in a moment of uncontrolled
anger.


under prep. 1 beneath, below, underneath, covered by: What is under
that blanket? The wreck lies a mile under the surface. 2
subordinate to, answerable to, inferior to, second to, secondary
to, subservient to, below, beneath, underneath, junior to,
directed or supervised or controlled by, under (the) control of,
at the mercy of, at the beck and call of: The bashibazouks were
under the sultan's top officers. 3 included or comprised in or
under, subsumed under: This should be under the heading, 'What
is the Stupidest Thing you have done Today?' Under which
category is 'Software'? 4 under the aegis or protection or eye
or guardianship or care of: The prince was trained under the
grand vizier. 5 less than, lower than: I paid under œ200 for
my VCR. 6 under the influence. drunk, tipsy, high, impaired:
The police charged him with driving while under the influence.


--adv. 7 below, underneath, beneath: You looked on top of the
bed, but have you looked under? 8 underwater, beneath the
waves, down, out of sight: We watched helpless as he went under
for the third time.


underclothes
n. underclothing, underwear, undergarments, lingerie,
Old-fashioned unmentionables, Colloq underthings, undies, Brit
smalls, Old-fashioned Brit small-clothes, US skivvies: When a
salesman she met on the train said he was in ladies'
underclothes, she moved to another carriage.

undercover
adj. secret, private, clandestine, confidential: He doesn't
look much like an undercover agent.

undercurrent
n. 1 undertow, cross-current, rip tide, rip (current),

underflow: Caught in the undercurrent, he was carried out to
sea. 2 undertone, subcurrent, trend, tendency, overtone, tenor,
suggestion, murmur, implication, connotation, sense, feeling,
aura, tinge, flavour, atmosphere, ambience or ambiance;
vibrations, Colloq vibes: There is a sinister undercurrent of
gloom about this place.

undercut v. 1 undermine, excavate, hollow out, cut out or away, gouge
out: If you undercut the roadway it will collapse. 2
underprice, undercharge, sacrifice, sell cheaply or at a loss,
undersell: The supermarkets undercut prices and put the
independent grocers out of business.

underdog n. loser, scapegoat, victim; vanquished, defenceless; Colloq
fall guy, little fellow or guy: It has always been our policy
to fight for the underdog.

underestimate
v. undervalue, underrate, discount, misjudge, miscalculate,
misprize, minimize, depreciate, belittle, not do justice to,
fail to appreciate, set (too) little store by, think (too)
little of: No one should underestimate the physical and mental
effort involved.


undergo v. suffer, bear, endure, experience, live or go through, be
subjected to, subject oneself to, sustain, submit to, weather,
stand, withstand: The hotel has recently undergone extensive
refurbishing.


underground
adj. 1 subterranean, buried, below-ground, sunken, covered:
They crept through the underground passage into the treasure
room. 2 secret, clandestine, concealed, hidden, covert,
undercover, surreptitious, stealthy, private: The secret
service has a worldwide underground network of agents. 3
alternative, radical, experimental, avant-garde, nonconformist,
revolutionary: Some underground newspapers that sprang up in
the 1960s are still being published.


--n. 4 tube, metro, underground railway, US subway: Two more
stops on the underground and we'll be there. 5 resistance,
partisans or partizans, freedom fighters, (in France) Maquis,
insurgents, seditionaries or seditionists, insurrectionists,

guerrillas or guerillas, extremists, revolutionaries;
fifth-columnists, fifth column, saboteurs, subversives: The
underground helped the family to escape to England. The
government blames the underground for the bombings.


undermine v. 1 sap, drain, disable, weaken, debilitate, threaten,
sabotage, subvert, damage, hurt, harm, impair, ruin, dash,
wreck, spoil, Slang queer, bugger (up): He said that the entire
campaign would be undermined if the events of January 17th were
ever revealed. 2 See undercut, 1, above.

undersized
adj. under-size, little, short, small, petite, tiny, elfin,
bantam, slight, mignon(ne); stunted, underdeveloped, runty,
runtish, dwarfish, dwarfed, pygmy, squat; underweight,
undeveloped: These cattle are a bit undersized for market.

understand
v. 1 grasp, comprehend, see, perceive, discern, make out, get
the drift or the hang of, appreciate, interpret, take cognizance
of, recognize, be aware or conscious of, be conversant with,
know, realize, conceive of, be aware (of), apprehend, penetrate,
Colloq get (it), dig, catch on (to), tumble to, cotton on (to),
Brit twig: I can understand what you are saying. I didn't think
you understood. 2 accept, agree, arrange, covenant, take: I
understand the terms of the agreement. 3 interpret, take, read,
gather from, construe, surmise from, assume from, infer from,
view, see: As I understand the regulation, only residents may
use the facilities. 4 hear (of), gather, get wind (of), take
it, be told or informed or advised, have found out or learnt,
Colloq hear tell: I understand that you've applied for another
job. 5 sympathize or empathize (with), be in sympathy (with),
show compassion (for), commiserate (with); accept, tolerate,
allow, forgive: Surely your employer will understand your being
late because of the funeral.

understanding
n. 1 agreement, contract, arrangement, bargain, covenant,
concession, pact, compact, accord, treaty, concordat, entente,
alliance, truce, armistice, reconciliation, settlement: They
reached an understanding with respect to nuclear weapons. 2
discernment, sensitivity, sensitiveness, sympathy, empathy,
perception, insight, good sense, intuition, enlightenment,

percipience, sagacity, sageness, sapience, wisdom, Colloq savvy:
Georgianna brings so much understanding to her treatment of the
aged. 3 Usually, understanding of. comprehension or, awareness
or grasp or control or idea or conception or knowledge or
mastery (of), acquaintance or familiarity or intimacy or
dexterity or skilfulness or deftness or adroitness or adeptness
(with), competence or skill or expertness or know-how or
proficiency or expertise (in), Colloq US fix (on), handle (on):
I know no one with a better understanding of medieval Welsh. 4
reading, interpretation, opinion, judgement, estimation, notion,
view, perception, apperception, apprehension: My understanding
of what took place is at odds with yours. 5 intellect,
intelligence, mind, brain, brainpower, sense, reason, reasoning
power, wisdom, Colloq brains: I'm afraid that he lacks the
understanding needed to cope with the subtleties of the
situation.

understated
adj. subtle, restrained, low-key, simple, basic, unembellished,
unadorned: Alexandra was wearing an understated black dress
with a string of pearls.

understood
adj. accepted, agreed, arranged, given, covenanted, settled,
conceded: It was understood that we would be dining together
that night. The terms of the agreement are now fully
understood.

understudy
n. 1 second, substitute, stand-in, alternate, backup, double,
sub, reserve, US pinch-hitter: The understudy got her break one
night when the star fell ill.

--v. 2 substitute for, stand in for, back up, double for,
second, replace, US pinch-hit for: He is understudying Hamlet
as well playing the part of Laertes.

undertake v. 1 assume, take on or upon (oneself), accept, take or assume
or bear the responsibility for, enter upon, begin, start, set
about, embark on, tackle, try, attempt: Gates might be
undertaking a bit too much, considering his condition. 2
promise, covenant, agree, contract, pledge, vow, swear, warrant,
guarantee, bargain, commit (oneself), stipulate, engage: Is it

not true that you undertook to complete the work in six months?

undertaker
n. mortician, funeral director: The body is available for
viewing at the undertaker's tonight.

undertaking
n. 1 enterprise, affair, business, project, task, effort,
venture, work, feat: The scope of the undertaking was far
beyond her capacity. 2 doing, performing, performance,
realization, achievement: Giles's undertaking of the work makes
me feel more confident. 3 promise, pledge, commitment,
assurance, contract, agreement, vow, guarantee or guaranty,
warranty: You gave an undertaking to complete the work by
Friday.

underworld
n. 1 Usually, the underworld. organized crime, the syndicate,
the Mafia, the mob, Cosa Nostra, criminals, the criminal
element, Colloq gangland: Lorenzo was fast becoming a
well-known figure in the underworld. 2 nether regions, abode of
the dead, Hades, Hell, Avernus, Dis, Orcus, Facetious Egyptian
underground: I think I prefer contemplating the Happy Hunting
Ground of the American Indian to the underworlds of Christianity
and classical Mediterranean culture.

underwrite
v. 1 back (up), finance, support, invest in, subsidize,
subvene, sponsor, uphold, approve, insure, guarantee, US
subvene: The company has agreed to underwrite the development
of your invention. 2 subscribe to, endorse or indorse, sign,
countersign, consent to, agree to, confirm, accede to, sanction,
ratify, approve, validate, Colloq OK or okay: The government
underwrote the action one day, then denied knowledge of it the
next.

undesirable
n. 1 persona non grata, pariah, outcast, exile, reject, leper:
The police had many requests to run the undesirables out of
town.

--adj. 2 unwanted, objectionable, offensive, unacceptable,
obnoxious, unsavoury, unwelcome, disliked, distasteful,

repugnant, unfit, unbecoming, unsuitable: The parks are filled
with tramps, drug addicts, and other undesirable elements.

undeveloped
adj. embryonic, premature, immature, incipient, inchoate,
potential, latent: His sense of beauty remained undeveloped
till he visited Rome.

undiluted adj. pure, neat, straight, unmixed, uncut, unblended,
unadulterated, unwatered, unalloyed: No ice, please - I like my
whisky undiluted. How do you like the undiluted gall of the
fellow walking in here uninvited!

undisciplined
adj. untrained, unschooled, unprepared, untutored, uneducated,
untaught, unpractised, uncontrolled, disobedient, naughty, bad,
wilful, wayward, unrestrained, erratic, unpredictable, unruly,
wild: The sergeant has taken quite a few undisciplined recruits
and knocked them into shape.


undisguised
adj. open, out-and-out, unmistakable or unmistakeable, overt,
unconcealed, unreserved, unrestrained, unfeigned, unpretended,
obvious, evident, patent, clear, explicit, transparent, sincere,
heartfelt, unalloyed, unmitigated: They regarded the traitor
with undisguised contempt.

undisputed
adj. unquestioned, unquestionable, beyond question, accepted,
acknowledged, admitted, indisputable, indubitable, undoubted,
certain, sure, unmistakable or unmistakeable, definite,
explicit, clear, (self-)evident, obvious, uncontested,
unchallenged, incontestable, irrefutable, incontrovertible,
undeniable, conclusive: He proved once again that he is the
undisputed heavyweight champion of the world.

undistinguished
adj. ordinary, commonplace, common, everyday, run-of-the-mill,
pedestrian, unexceptional, plain, homespun, simple, prosaic,
unremarkable; mediocre, middling, indifferent, unexciting,
unimpressive, unpretentious, Brit homely, Colloq so so, no great
shakes, no big deal, nothing to write home about, nothing
special or unusual or extraordinary: It was an undistinguished

modern building near the roundabout.

undivided adj. 1 whole, entire, unbroken, uncut, intact, unseparated,
complete, unsplit: The family lands remained undivided for
generations. 2 undiverted, whole, entire, devoted,
concentrated, full, complete, exclusive, undistracted: You have
my undivided attention.

undo v. 1 loosen, loose, open, unfasten, unhook, unlace, unzip,
unsnap, unbutton, untie, unpin; unlock, unbolt: Help me undo my
blouse. Don't undo the gate - you'll let the dogs out. 2 unwrap,
uncover, open, untie, unbind: Why have you allowed the children
to undo their Christmas presents a week early? 3 cancel, annul,
rescind, nullify, void, declare null and void, reverse,
invalidate: If one could undo things there would be no such
thing as regret.

undoing n. 1 ruin, ruination, destruction, devastation, defeat,
downfall, overthrow, fall, collapse, descent, debasement,
degradation, abasement, mortification, humiliation, shame,
disgrace: It is not easy to identify the factors that brought
about the demagogue's undoing. 2 curse, misfortune, bane,
affliction, trouble, blight: As the novelists would have it, a
beautiful woman was his undoing.


undoneฐ adj. 1 ruined, lost, wrecked, crushed, destroyed, devastated,
shattered, brought to ruin, defeated, prostrated, overcome:
Brian was completely undone by that gold-digging heart-breaker
he met in Caracas. If the headmaster finds out about the glue,
we are undone! 2 open, loose, loosened, untied, unfastened,
detached, unhooked, unlaced, unzipped, unsnapped, unbuttoned,
unpinned, unstuck: Your shoelaces are undone. The knot came
undone.


undone adj. unaccomplished, uncompleted, incomplete, unfinished,
omitted, neglected, left (out), skipped, missed, passed over,
forgotten, unattended to: From this list of chores, how many
are still undone?


undoubtedly
adv. indubitably, without (a) doubt, indisputably,
unquestionably, beyond (a or the shadow of a) doubt, certainly,
definitely, surely, assuredly, unmistakably or unmistakeably,

explicitly, clearly, obviously, incontestably, irrefutably,
incontrovertibly, undeniably: If they win, they will
undoubtedly go to the pub to celebrate.


unduly adv. 1 disproportionately, excessively, overly, unnecessarily,
inordinately, unreasonably, irrationally, unjustifiably,
improperly, inappropriately: He claimed that he was being
unduly harassed by the police. 2 immoderately, lavishly,
profusely, extravagantly: Don't be unduly generous in tipping
our waiter - he did spill the soup in your lap.

unearth v. dig up, disinter, exhume; excavate, dredge up, mine, quarry,
find, pull or root out, come across, discover, turn up, expose,
uncover: The artefacts were unearthed at Boghazk”y, ancient
Hattusas. They had unearthed some evidence that would put him
away for years.

unearthly adj. 1 supernatural, unnatural, preternatural, unworldly,
other-worldly, psychic(al), extramundane, extraterrestrial,
extrasensory, supersensory, out-of-(the)-body, asomatous,
incorporeal, sublime, celestial, astral: They speculated about
what unearthly experiences space travel might lead to. 2 weird,
bizarre, macabre, nightmarish, uncanny, eerie, strange, ghostly,
spectral, unreal, Literary eldritch, Colloq spooky, creepy: An
unearthly creature appeared in a mist before her. 3 strange,
odd, peculiar, unusual, abnormal, absurd, out of the ordinary,
extraordinary, outrageous; unheard-of, unreasonable, Colloq
ungodly: The baby wakes up at the unearthly hour of three
o'clock every morning.


uneducated
adj. unschooled, untaught, uncultivated, unread, uncultured,
illiterate, unlettered, ignorant, unenlightened: It is
debatable whether the fault for being uneducated lies with the
student, the teacher, or the system.

unemployed
adj. out of work, jobless, idle, laid off, out of a job, out of
work, unoccupied, inactive, Facetious resting, at liberty, at
leisure, Brit redundant, Colloq Brit on the dole: He has been
unemployed ever since he was made redundant.

unenthusiastic

adj. lukewarm, cool, cold, uninterested, indifferent, blas‚,
unresponsive, apathetic, unexcited, unimpressed: Bentley
presented the new design, but the directors were unenthusiastic
and turned it down.


unenviable
adj. uncoveted, undesirable, unwished for, unattractive: He
was given the unenviable task of informing the victim's family.


unfamiliar
adj. 1 new, novel, unknown, unconventional, unusual, different,
uncommon, strange, odd, peculiar, bizarre: The man spoke in a
tongue that was totally unfamiliar to me. 2 Usually, unfamiliar
with. unacquainted with, unaccustomed to, inexperienced in or
with, unused to, unconversant with, uninformed about, ignorant
of, unpractised or unskilled in, unskilled at, uninitiated in,
unversed in: The Americans were as unfamiliar with cricket as
the Englishmen were with baseball.


unflattering
adj. 1 harsh, unsympathetic; realistic, stark, candid: Her
hairstyle was unflattering and made her face look rather heavy.
2 uncomplimentary, insulting, unfavourable: Saying that I look
just like my grandmother is quite unflattering.


unfledged adj. undeveloped, immature, unmatured, inexperienced, green,
callow, young, raw, ungrown: Take these unfledged recruits and
turn them into men.


unfold v. 1 open (out or up), spread (out), unfurl, stretch out,
expand, uncoil, unwind, straighten out: Emerging from the pupa,
it unfolds its wings and becomes a beautiful butterfly. 2
develop, evolve, happen, take place, occur, be divulged, be
disclosed or revealed: What will unfold next in our little
drama?

unforeseen
adj. unexpected, surprising, unanticipated, unpredicted,
unlooked-for, unsought, unhoped for, undreamed of or undreamt
of, unthought of, startling, surprise, chance, fortuitous: The
sales manager's resignation was an unforeseen event.

unfortunate

adj. 1 unlucky, luckless; cursed, out of luck, unblessed,
Colloq down on (one's) luck: She was unfortunate enough to have
married early and divorced late. 2 poor, miserable, wretched,
woebegone, pathetic, dismal, unhappy, forlorn, pitiable, doomed,
ill-starred, star-crossed, ill-fated: These unfortunate
refugees have nowhere to go if we refuse them asylum. 3
deplorable, terrible, awful, catastrophic, disastrous,
calamitous, tragic, lamentable, regrettable, distressing,
upsetting, disturbing, inauspicious, grievous, ruinous: It was
an unfortunate decision, and led to many problems. The flood was
a most unfortunate sequel to the earthquake.

unfounded adj. baseless, groundless, unwarranted, unjustified,
unsupported, unsupportable, unsound, unjustifiable, unattested,
unproven: Reports of a typhoid outbreak are completely
unfounded.

ungodly adj. 1 wicked, sinful, impious, blasphemous, heretical,
irreligious, iconoclastic, atheist(ic), anti-religious,
sacrilegious, demonic, demoniac(al), diabolic(al), satanic,
fiendish, hellish, infernal; depraved, godless, corrupt,
immoral, evil, iniquitous, bad, villainous, heinous, flagitious,
profane, vile: The crusaders believed that they had a duty to
deliver Jerusalem from the ungodly heathens. 2 awful,
outrageous, indecent, monstrous, nasty, dreadful, terrible,
appalling, frightful, shocking, Colloq God-awful, unearthly,
Brit beastly: Margot and I were subjected to another ungodly
evening at the Dawsons'.


ungovernable
adj. unruly, refractory, intractable, unmanageable,
uncontrollable, rebellious, wild, disobedient, unrestrainable,
incorrigible: The nursemaid was saddled with two ungovernable
children whom she had to cosset.


ungraceful
adj. 1 awkward, clumsy, ungainly, lubberly, Colloq all thumbs,
butter-fingered, Slang US and Canadian klutzy: People in the
aerobics class are always ungraceful to start off with. 2
inelegant, graceless, coarse, crude, inartistic, vulgar,
tasteless, unaesthetic, unrefined, barbarous, unlovely, ugly,
unharmonious, unattractive, ill-proportioned, unsymmetric(al),
asymmetric(al): Some regard the Albert Memorial as a paragon of

ungraceful Victorian design.

ungracious
adj. discourteous, overbearing, churlish, gauche, rude,
uncivil, impolite, ill-bred, bad-mannered, unmannerly,
ungentlemanly, unladylike, gruff, bluff, brusque, abrupt, surly,
curmudgeonly: It was ungracious of him not to acknowledge the
help of his staff.


ungrateful
adj. unthankful, unappreciative, rude; selfish, heedless: That
ungrateful wretch never thanked me for all my help.

unguarded adj. 1 incautious, unwary, careless, inattentive, heedless,
inobservant, inadvertent, unthinking, unwatchful, unvigilant:
He let the intruder past him in an unguarded moment. 2
defenceless, unprotected, undefended, unfortified, open,
uncovered, exposed, vulnerable: The sentry insisted that he had
left his post unguarded for only a few minutes. 3 indiscreet,
careless, imprudent, unwise, hasty, unthinking, thoughtless;
guileless, incautious: He was anxious to restore good relations
after his unguarded remarks about their associates.

unhappy adj. 1 sad, depressed, blue, dejected, melancholy, despondent,
downcast, gloomy, downhearted, dispirited, heavy-hearted,
long-faced, disconsolate, sorrowful, miserable, crestfallen,
cheerless, forlorn, low-spirited, glum, distressed, tearful,
Formal lachrymose, Colloq down, Slang US bummed out: Mary is
very unhappy that John is to be away a whole month. 2 unlucky,
unfortunate, unpropitious, inauspicious, unfavourable, luckless,
hapless, cursed, wretched, ill-omened, ill-fated, ill-starred,
star-crossed, jinxed, disastrous: Let me tell you how this
unhappy state of affairs came about. 3 infelicitous, unfitting,
inappropriate, unsuitable, unsuited, wrong, inexpedient,
ill-advised, poor, unfortunate: Vivian was an unhappy choice as
his successor.

unhealthy adj. 1 ailing, unwell, ill, sickly, infirm, feeble, frail,
debilitated, unsound, sick, in poor or delicate health or
condition, indisposed, invalid, valetudinary: The boys had
pasty, unhealthy faces. 2 unwholesome, harmful, noxious,
detrimental, insalubrious, damaging, injurious, destructive,
malign: The doctor said that this climate is unhealthy for

people with respiratory disorders. 3 risky, dangerous, perilous,
life-threatening, touch-and-go: You might find it unhealthy to
criticize the government here.


unheard-of
adj. 1 unknown, unfamiliar, obscure, unidentified, nameless,
unsung: She is busy trying to promote some unheard-of sculptor.
2 unimaginable, undreamed of or undreamt of, unprecedented,
unimagined, unbelievable, inconceivable, unusual: They took the
unheard-of step of requiring that refunds be paid. Her starting
salary is an unheard-of œ100,000. 3 shocking, offensive,
outrageous, disgraceful, extreme, unthinkable, outlandish: The
victims were subjected to unheard-of tortures.


unheralded
adj. unannounced, unpublicized, unadvertised; unexpected,
surprise, unanticipated, unforeseen, unpredicted: Published by
some obscure company, the book turned out to be an unheralded
success.


unhesitating
adj. 1 swift, rapid, quick, immediate, instantaneous, prompt,
ready, unhesitant: The response was an unhesitating 'No!' 2
unfaltering, unwavering, wholehearted, unqualified, unswerving,
undeviating, staunch, steadfast, implicit, resolute: We
appreciate your unhesitating devotion to duty.

unhurried adj. leisurely, unrushed, easy, easygoing, casual, gradual,
deliberate, steady, sedate, calm: We proceeded at an unhurried
pace, eventually arriving at dusk at the castle gates.

unidentified
adj. nameless, anonymous, unknown, unmarked, unnamed, unknown,
unfamiliar, unrecognized, mysterious: The police found the body
of a unidentified woman in the park.

uniform adj. 1 homogeneous, consistent, unvaried, unchanged, unaltered;
unvarying, unchanging; invariable, unchangeable, unalterable,
regimented, standard; ordered, orderly, equal, even, like,
identical; alike: The mixture is uniform throughout. The rules
are uniform for everyone. Line up in ten uniform rows of ten
each. 2 even, unbroken, smooth, regular, flat: Not one
irregularity marred the uniform surface of the plain.


--n. 3 livery, habit, regalia, costume, outfit; regimentals:
When I next saw him, he was in the uniform of a Gestapo officer.


uniformity
n. 1 regularity, similarity, sameness, homogeneity,
consistency, symmetry, evenness, invariability, unchangeability,
similitude, conformity, agreement, concord, accord,
harmoniousness; harmony, concordance, accordance, conformance,
correspondence: One can easily see the lack of uniformity even
in what is supposed to be a classless society. 2 dullness,
monotony, drabness, sameness, tedium, featurelessness, flatness,
invariability, lack of variety, changelessness: After a few
days, the uniformity of the routine began to get on my nerves.


unify v. consolidate, unite, combine, amalgamate, coalesce, bring
together, fuse, join, weld, merge, confederate, integrate: The
separate elements were unified into a coherent whole. Successive
Reform Bills unified the nation.


unimpeded adj. unblocked, unchecked, free, unconstrained, unrestrained,
unhindered, unhampered, unencumbered, open, untrammelled,
unrestricted: They insist on having unimpeded access to the
files.


unimposing
adj. unimpressive, nugatory, trivial, trifling, minor,
unimportant, puny, inconsiderable, negligible: It was an
unimposing building sandwiched between two office blocks. A
more unimposing little cockalorum has seldom assailed my
sensibilities.

uninformed
adj. ignorant, nescient, unknowledgeable, unenlightened,
uneducated, unschooled, untutored, untaught, uninstructed,
unaware, incognizant: The problem is not that they are stupid,
merely uninformed and misinformed.

uninhabited
adj. desolate, empty, abandoned, deserted, unoccupied, vacant,
vacated, tenantless, untenanted; desert, unpopulated, unpeopled,
trackless, depopulated, waste, barren: Tristan da Cunha, in the
south Atlantic, is an uninhabited island.


uninhibited
adj. wild, unchecked, unbridled, uncurbed, intemperate,
boisterous, unrepressed, unconstrained, unrestrained,
uncontrolled, unselfconscious, unreserved, relaxed, casual,
easygoing, free (and easy), open, frank, candid, outspoken,
Colloq upfront: Their behaviour at the party was totally
uninhibited. I will tell you what I think only if I can be
totally uninhibited about it.


uninviting
adj. repulsive, repellent, offensive, unappealing,
unattractive, unpleasant, disagreeable, distasteful,
unappetizing, unsavoury, sickening, revolting, obnoxious, nasty,
disgusting, Brit off-putting: The food he put on the table was
cold and uninviting.

union n. 1 uniting, unity, combining, combination, joining, junction,
conjoining, conjunction, allying, alliance, associating,
association, coalition, amalgamating, amalgamation, fusing,
fusion, marrying, marriage, confederating, confederation,
confederacy, synthesizing, synthesis, mixing, mixture,
federation, togetherness: Monarchies favour the union of Church
and State. 2 alliance, association, organization, society,
circle, fraternity, club, fellowship, team, ring, gang,
syndicate, coalition, party, confederation, confederacy,
federation, Bund, league, consortium, bloc, cartel, trust: The
countries formed a union to control their joint economies. 3
joint, seam, splice, junction, conjunction, graft, weld;
coupling: The union between the two pieces may be stronger than
the material itself. 4 agreement, accord, harmony,
harmoniousness, congruity, coherence, compatibility, unanimity,
unity: The union of the various elements in the painting was
skilfully effected.


unique adj. 1 single, lone, (one and) only, solitary, one of a kind,
sui generis: Natural forces conspired to create this unique
situation. 2 unequalled, unparalleled, unrivalled,
incomparable, inimitable, peerless, unmatched, unsurpassed,
unexcelled, second to none: Stimble's genius is unique in the
annals of proctology.

unison n. in unison (with). in harmony, together, corresponding

exactly, in (perfect) accord, consonant, harmonious: Why is his
singing never in unison with ours? We all responded in unison
with a rousing 'No!'


unit n. element, component, entity, part, item, constituent, piece,
portion, segment, section, module: The units fit together like
Lego blocks.

unite v. 1 combine, unify, merge, coalesce, amalgamate, mix, mingle,
commingle, intermix, blend, consolidate, fuse: The splinter
parties have united to form a coalition. 2 join (forces),
unify, wed, marry, link, connect, merge: The two families are
united by marriage. 3 bond, fuse or weld or solder or glue or
stick or tie or bind or fasten or fix or fit (together): Unite
these pieces and the job is done.

united adj. 1 unified, common, mutual, combined, merged, coalesced,
pooled, shared, collective, joint, amalgamated, connected: The
new law will serve our united interests. 2 joint, cooperative,
common, communal, collaborative, synergetic or synergistic,
collective, concerted, coordinated, allied; partnership: We
must make a united effort if we are to survive. 3 agreed,
unanimous, in agreement, of one mind, of like mind or opinion,
like-minded, in accord, in harmony, harmonious: We are united
in our assessment of last night's performance.

unity n. 1 consistency, unanimity, constancy, uniformity, sameness,
consensus, agreement, concord, concordance, accord, solidarity,
compatibility, concurrence, continuity, consentaneousness,
rapport, sympathy, like-mindedness: All members of the
association enjoy a unity of purpose. 2 oneness, singularity,
integrity, singleness, congruity, uniformity, congruousness,
homogeneity, identity, sameness, resemblance, likeness,
similarity, similitude: If there is little unity between your
ideas and those of the organization, perhaps you should resign.
3 unification, uniting, combination: In unity is strength.

universal adj. 1 prevalent, prevailing, general, worldwide, widespread,
ubiquitous, omnipresent, limitless, unlimited, common, pandemic,
epidemic: The end of the 20th century is marked by a universal
preoccupation with greed. 2 cosmic, infinite, boundless,
limitless, unlimited, measureless, endless, uncircumscribed,
all-inclusive, all-embracing, all-encompassing, wide-ranging,

comprehensive: Renaissance man was regarded as possessing
universal knowledge.

universally
adv. in every case or instance, in all cases or instances,
unexceptionally, without exception, uniformly, always,
invariably: In those days, it was universally accepted that the
earth was flat.


universe n. 1 cosmos, creation, macrocosm: What arrogance makes man
believe that in all the vast universe God pays him any heed? 2
world, bailiwick, sphere, province, domain, circle, milieu,
territory, corner, quarter, microcosm: Such behaviour may be
acceptable in her tiny universe.


unkempt adj. dishevelled, uncombed, tousled, disarranged, ungroomed,
wind-blown, untidy, disordered, mussed (-up), messy, messed-up,
bedraggled, shaggy, scruffy, rumpled, slovenly, frowzy, blowzy,
Archaic draggle-tailed, Colloq sloppy: Mother would refuse to
allow us to the table if we were unkempt.

unkind adj. inconsiderate, unthoughtful, thoughtless, unfeeling,
unconcerned, insensitive, unkindly, unsympathetic, uncharitable,
unchristian, uncaring, hard-hearted, heartless, flinty, hard,
rigid, callous, tough, inflexible, unyielding, unbending,
severe, harsh, stern, cruel, mean, inhuman: It was very unkind
of you to refuse the beggar.

unknown adj. 1 unrecognized, unfamiliar, strange, unnamed, anonymous,
nameless, unidentified; obscure, unheard-of, little-known,
humble, undistinguished, unsung: Some unknown person left this
package for you. Bill is in some unknown place for the weekend.
An unknown poet won the competition. 2 unfamiliar, unexplored,
uninvestigated, unresearched, unrevealed, mysterious, uncharted,
unidentified, dark: We were now going into unknown territory.
3 unbeknownst, untold, unrevealed: Unknown to me, the thieves
were at that moment breaking in through the kitchen window.

unlamented
adj. unmissed, unmourned, unbemoaned, unbewailed, unloved:
They destroyed a statue of the late, unlamented Joseph Stalin.

unlawful adj. illegal, illicit, against the law, illegitimate, under the

table, under the counter, criminal, felonious; outlawed, banned,
prohibited, forbidden, interdicted, disallowed, proscribed,
verboten; unauthorized, unlicensed, unsanctioned: Unlawful
payments had been made to councillors. Gambling has been
declared unlawful in that county.

unlike adj. 1 different (from), dissimilar (to), unalike, distinct
(from), opposite (from or to), contrasting or contrastive (with
or to), separate (from), divergent (from), incompatible (with),
distinguishable (from), far apart (from), far (from), distant
(from), ill-matched (with), unequal (to), unequivalent (to):
His notions of right and wrong are unlike those of other people.
Although they're brothers, they look quite unlike each other. 2
atypical, uncharacteristic, untypical: It is unlike you to
complain.

--prep. 3 different from, differing from, in contradistinction
to, in contrast with or to, dissimilar to, distinct from,
opposite from or to, contrasting with or to, divergent from,
incompatible with, distinguishable from, ill-matched with,
unequal to, unequivalent to: Unlike you, I've been there and
know what it's like.

unlikely adj. 1 improbable, doubtful, dubious, remote, unthinkable,
unimaginable, inconceivable, implausible: His story was
unlikely, but she decided to believe him. It is not unlikely
that he will come even if we ask him to stay away. 2 unseemly,
inappropriate, unfit, unfitting, unsuitable, uncongenial,
objectionable, unbecoming, unacceptable, unattractive,
distasteful: Claire had seldom seen a more unlikely prospect
for a husband. 3 unpropitious, unpromising, inauspicious: The
tiny shop seemed an unlikely place to find a great treasure.

unlimited adj. 1 unrestricted, unrestrained, limitless, unconstrained,
unqualified, full, absolute, unconditional, far-reaching,
unchecked, uncontrolled: He has unlimited authority to issue
all the paper money he wishes. 2 limitless, boundless, endless,
vast, unbounded, immense, immeasurable, measureless, numberless,
innumerable, inexhaustible, interminable, never-ending,
infinite, myriad, extensive,: As the wealthiest woman in the
world, she has unlimited resources to do as she pleases.

unload v. empty, dump, unpack, offload, discharge; disburden,

unburden: We unloaded the cargo at Sulawesi. The camels must be
unloaded every night.

unmarried adj. single, unwed(ded), bachelor, spinster, old-maid, maiden,
unattached, unengaged, unbetrothed, unplighted, unpromised,
free, uncommitted: He was thirty-five, unmarried, and lived
alone in a tiny flat.

unmentionable
adj. 1 unspeakable, unutterable, ineffable, taboo, scandalous,
forbidden, interdicted; inexpressible: I will not have Karen or
her unmentionable boyfriend in this house again! 2 disgraceful,
indecent, immodest, shameful, shocking, appalling,
dishonourable, indescribable, obscene, filthy: In carnivals,
geeks do unmentionable things with live chickens.

--n. 3 unmentionables. underclothes, underclothing, underwear,
undergarments, lingerie, Archaic small-clothes, Colloq
underthings, undies, Brit smalls, US skivvies: The woman next
door insists on hanging out her unmentionables in full view of
the whole street.

unmerciful
adj. merciless, pitiless, unsparing, unkind, relentless,
unpitying, heartless, stony-hearted, hard-hearted, flinty,
unfeeling, unsympathetic, unforgiving, mean, cruel, savage,
brutal, brutish, vicious, barbarous: The boys gave him an
unmerciful beating for cheating.


unmitigated
adj. undiluted, unalloyed, unmixed, untempered, unmoderated,
unmodified, unabated, unlessened, undiminished, unreduced,
unrelieved, oppressive, unalleviated, unmollified, unsoftened,
relentless, unqualified, out-and-out, thorough, thoroughgoing,
outright, downright, categorical, absolute, immoderate, sheer,
complete, consummate, total, perfect, true, pure, arrant, utter,
plain: That man is an unmitigated bore. The project was an
unmitigated disaster.


unmoved adj. cool, aloof, calm, collected, unaffected, untouched,
unsympathetic, unstirred, undisturbed, apathetic, stoic(al),
impassive, dispassionate, unemotional, unfeeling, unconcerned,
indifferent, unreactive, unresponsive, stolid, stony, adamant,

stony-hearted, hard-hearted: Despite her child's tears, she
remained totally unmoved.

unnatural adj. 1 Derogatory abnormal, perverse, perverted, monstrous,
unusual, peculiar, strange, aberrant, improper, unseemly; Slang
kinky , Chiefly Brit bent: There was a scandal when the senator
was found to have engaged in some unnatural act. 2
sodomitic(al), bestial, tribadic, tribadistic: They still coyly
referred to homosexual activities as 'unnatural acts'. 3
uncharacteristic, out of character, odd, peculiar, strange,
unexpected, abnormal, unusual: Isn't it unnatural for someone
who has won the sweepstakes to look so unhappy? 4 laboured,
forced, stilted, stiff, restrained, artificial, false,
insincere, feigned, contrived, affected, mannered,
self-conscious, theatrical, stagy: She has an irritating,
unnatural laugh. 5 outlandish, weird, uncanny, strange, odd,
unaccountable, supernatural, preternatural, queer, grotesque,
bizarre, extraordinary, eccentric, freakish: Let me tell you
about the unnatural events that took place in that house.


unnecessary
adj. unneeded, needless, unrequired, dispensable, disposable,
expendable, unwanted, surplus, superfluous, supererogatory,
inessential, unessential, non-essential: The children were
asleep, so we asked the workmen to avoid making any unnecessary
noise.

unnerve v. upset, agitate, perturb, ruffle, fluster, rattle, discomfit,
unsettle, disconcert, dismay, intimidate, stun, stupefy, Colloq
shake (up), faze: Peter drove home slowly: the accident he had
seen had unnerved him.

unnoticed adj. unnoted, overlooked, unobserved, undiscovered, unremarked,
unmarked, unperceived; unseen, unheard: Fortunately, Martha's
nasty aside went unnoticed.

unobtrusive
adj. inconspicuous, unostentatious, low-key, retiring, modest,
self-effacing, unpresuming, unpretentious, unassuming, quiet,
humble, unaggressive, unassertive, non-assertive, subdued,
reserved, reticent, suppressed: Agatha may seem unobtrusive,
but she's a tigress when aroused.

unofficial
adj. informal, unauthorized, undocumented, off the record,
private, secret, unpublicized, unannounced: The builder
acknowledged having had unofficial meetings with the council.


unopened adj. closed, shut: The book lay, unopened, on the bedside
table.

unorthodox
adj. irregular, unconventional, nonconformist, unconforming,
nonconforming, aberrant, aberrational, deviant, heteroclite,
unusual, abnormal, uncustomary, uncommon: Roebuck's unorthodox
methods almost lost him his job.


unpaid adj. 1 payable, outstanding, owed, owing, due, unsettled: In
the end he absconded, leaving a pile of unpaid bills. 2
unsalaried, voluntary, volunteer, honorary, US dollar-a-year:
On retirement, she took an unpaid job with Oxfam.


unpalatable
adj. distasteful, disagreeable, unpleasant, unsavoury,
unappetizing, unattractive, repugnant, nasty, offensive; rancid,
sour, off, turned, bitter, inedible, uneatable: Without an
education, they are often offered the unpalatable jobs. We
found heavy claret totally unpalatable with the sole.

unparalleled
adj. unequalled, incomparable, matchless, peerless, unrivalled,
unmatched, inimitable, unexcelled, superior, supreme,
superlative, unsurpassed, unusual, special, singular, rare,
unique, exceptional, consummate: In our experience, the food
and service aboard the Normandie were unparalleled.

unperfumed
adj. unscented, plain, natural: This deodorant is available in
sandalwood, forest pine, mint, or unperfumed.

unpopular adj. out of favour, in bad odour, unliked, disliked, shunned,
avoided, snubbed, ignored, unsought after, unaccepted, unwanted,
rejected, unwelcome, undesirable; unloved, friendless: New
taxes are always unpopular. James had always been an unpopular
boy at school.

unprejudiced
adj. unbigoted, unbiased, impartial, unjaundiced, just, fair,
objective, disinterested, fair-minded, non-partisan, liberal,
open-minded, undogmatic: An unprejudiced opinion would be
difficult to find, since everyone has an axe to grind.

unpremeditated
adj. unprepared, unplanned, unarranged, uncontrived, unstudied,
coincidental, spontaneous, spur-of-the-moment, last-minute,
impromptu, extemporaneous or extemporary, extempore, ad lib,
offhand, casual, impulsive, natural, involuntary, automatic,
unconscious, Colloq off the cuff: I had no inkling of her
plans, so my running into her was entirely unpremeditated. Her
immediate, unpremeditated reaction was to run away.


unprepared
adj. 1 unready, surprised, taken aback, (caught) napping or off
guard, dumbfounded or dumfounded, at sixes and sevens, Colloq
(caught) with (one's) pants down, Brit caught on the hop, US
asleep at the switch: The sudden squall found us unprepared and
we lost a sail. 2 unfinished, incomplete, uncompleted: Dinner
was still unprepared at eight o'clock. 3 unwarned, unreadied,
not set up, not forewarned: I was unprepared for the strange
events that followed. 4 See unpremeditated, above.


unprofessional
adj. 1 unbecoming, improper, unethical, unprincipled, unseemly,
undignified, unfitting, unbefitting, unworthy, unscholarly,
negligent, lax: The Medical Association is quick to act against
doctors whose conduct might be judged unprofessional. 2
amateurish, amateur, inexpert, inexperienced, untrained,
untutored, unschooled, incompetent, unskilled, unskilful,
inferior, second-rate, inefficient, poor, shoddy, low-quality,
sloppy: It was an astonishingly unprofessional way to audit
accounts. 3 non-technical, unspecialized, non-specialist, lay,
everyday, ordinary, plain (English), understandable: What does
all that gobbledegook mean when translated into unprofessional
language?


unprofitable
adj. 1 profitless, ungainful, unremunerative, unfruitful,
non-profit-making; breaking even; losing, loss-making: The last
quarter was unprofitable for car manufacturers. 2 bootless,

pointless, purposeless, unavailing, futile, useless,
unproductive, worthless, ineffective, inefficient: Having
employees sitting about waiting for the telephone to ring is
unprofitable.


unpromising
adj. inauspicious, unpropitious, unfavourable, gloomy, ominous,
adverse, portentous, baleful, hopeless: The forecast for the
economy looked unpromising yesterday but has suddenly
brightened.

unqualified
adj. 1 ineligible, unfit, untrained, ill-equipped, unsuited,
unequipped, unprepared: He was rejected as unqualified for the
job of repairing computers. 2 unrestricted, unreserved,
unconditional, categorical, outright, unmitigated, downright,
out-and-out, pure (and simple), true, perfect, utter, absolute,
consummate: If he told you that he flew jets in the RAF, he is
an unqualified liar. Cato's unqualified 'Delenda est Cartago'
was echoed in every speech he made in the Roman senate.

unquenchable
adj. insatiable, unslakeable or unslakable, unsatisfiable;
inextinguishable, unsuppressible, irrepressible, indestructible:
She had an unquenchable thirst for knowledge. Those principles
have kindled an unquenchable fire in the hearts of the
oppressed.

unquestionable
adj. unexceptionable, indubitable, undoubted, indisputable,
incontestable, unimpeachable, undeniable, certain, sure,
positive, irrefutable, manifest, obvious, patent, clear,
definite, incontrovertible, unequivocal, unmistakable or
unmistakeable, conclusive: Their integrity is unquestionable,
and I have complete confidence in them.

unreal adj. 1 imaginary, fantastic, chimeric(al), fanciful, fancied,
illusory, make-believe, phantasmagoric(al), phantasmal,
spectral, figmental, unrealistic, non-existent: Fear made the
whole scene unreal to Martha. 2 theoretical, hypothetical,
mythical, imaginary, made-up, fictitious, make-believe,
fanciful: Although the example is unreal, it will serve its
purpose in my argument. 3 artificial, synthetic, synthesized,

mock, false, fake(d), counterfeit, fraudulent, dummy, spurious,
falsified, pretend(ed), sham, pseudo, make-believe: The
countryside looked a little unreal, too luxuriant and too
sculptured.


unrealistic
adj. 1 impractical, illogical, unreasonable, unworkable,
unrealizable, quixotic, romantic, fanciful, visionary,
delusional, delusive, delusory: However exciting it is to think
of travelling faster than light, the notion is unrealistic. 2
unreal, unlifelike, unnatural, unauthentic,
non-representational, unrepresentative, inaccurate: The
background paintings are poorly done and unrealistic.


unreasonable
adj. 1 irrational, illogical, unthinking, absurd, foolish,
senseless, nonsensical, mindless, brainless, thoughtless, silly,
mad, crazy, insane, idiotic, moronic, imbecilic, stupid,
fatuous, ridiculous, ludicrous, laughable, preposterous,
far-fetched, short-sighted, unperceptive, unperceiving,
undiscerning, myopic, blind: Some people have an unreasonable
aversion to anything scientific. Is it unreasonable to expect
you to spend a little time with your mother? 2 excessive,
outrageous, exorbitant, extravagant, immoderate, extortionate,
inordinate, unconscionable, unjust, unwarranted, inequitable,
unfair, unequal, improper, unjustified, unjustifiable,
uncalled-for: The new tax puts an unreasonable demand on those
with lower incomes. 3 inappropriate, unapt or inapt,
unsuitable, unbefitting, impractical, unrealistic: His conduct
was quite unreasonable for a man of the cloth.

unrefined adj. 1 coarse, rude, rough, unsophisticated, uncultured,
uncivilized, uncultivated, unpolished, inelegant, ill-bred,
impolite, discourteous, unmannerly, ill-mannered, bad-mannered,
ignoble, plebeian, undignified, unladylike, ungentlemanlike,
ungentlemanly, uncourtly, ungracious, boorish, loutish, gross,
vulgar, uncouth, cloddish, bumbling, awkward, gauche: Consider
their background before criticizing them for being unrefined. 2
impure, unpurified, unclarified, raw, crude, coarse, untreated,
unfinished, natural, unprocessed: The unrefined ore is first
washed thoroughly.

unrelated adj. independent, separate, distinct, different, dissimilar,

incompatible, inappropriate, foreign, alien, unassociated,
unaffiliated, unconnected, uncoupled, unlinked, unallied,
uncoordinated: Why raise a totally unrelated issue?


unreliable
adj. irresponsible, disreputable; untrustworthy, undependable,
uncertain, unstable, treacherous, flimsy, weak: He is
unreliable and unlikely to be there when you need him. The
equipment was expensive, slow, and unreliable.


unrepentant
adj. unrepenting, unremorseful, impenitent, unapologetic,
unregretful, unashamed, unembarrassed, unselfconscious,
remorseless, unreformed, unrehabilitated, unregenerate,
recidivist or recidivistic or recidivous: They were quite
unrepentant, though they had seen for themselves the harm they
had done.

unresolved
adj. unsettled, open, up in the air, moot, pending, debatable,
arguable, problematic(al), indefinite, vague, open to question,
questionable, unanswered, unsolved; undetermined, undecided,
uncertain, unsure, ambivalent, wavering, vacillating,
irresolute: The matter of joining the monetary union remained
unresolved. I am still unresolved on the issue.

unrest n. disquiet, uneasiness, distress, anxiety, anxiousness,
nervousness, anguish, unease, worry, concern, agitation,
turmoil, disturbance, trouble, strife, agony: The proximity of
the huge army on our borders caused considerable unrest among
the populace.

unruly adj. unmanageable, ungovernable, uncontrollable, undisciplined,
unregulated, lawless, disobedient, insubordinate, rebellious,
mutinous, fractious, refractory, contumacious, obstreperous,
wilful, headstrong, stubborn, recalcitrant, intractable,
defiant, uncooperative, wayward, disorderly, turbulent, riotous,
tumultuous, violent, stormy, tempestuous: She had no idea of
how to handle a capricious and unruly teenager. The first
reading of the bill led to an unruly session of Parliament.

unsatisfactory
adj. insufficient, inadequate, inferior, poor, unacceptable,

displeasing, disappointing, unworthy, inappropriate, deficient,
weak, wanting, lacking, unsuitable, imperfect, flawed,
defective, faulty: The report was unsatisfactory in that it
failed to meet the committee's demands. Why put up with
unsatisfactory workmanship?

unsavoury adj. distasteful, objectionable, unpleasant, disagreeable,
unappetizing, unpalatable, offensive, repugnant, obnoxious,
repellent, nasty, repulsive, revolting, disgusting, nauseating,
sickening: Her ex-husband is a totally unsavoury character.
Even the most unsavoury swill tasted like ambrosia to the
starving inmates.

unscathed adj. unharmed, unhurt, uninjured, unmarked, untouched,
undamaged, unscarred, unscratched, safe and sound, in one piece,
as new, Archaic scatheless, Colloq like new: Miraculously, he
came out of the battle unscathed.

unscrupulous
adj. unconscionable, conscienceless, unprincipled, amoral,
unethical, immoral, dishonourable, corrupt, dishonest,
deceitful, sly, cunning, artful, insidious, shifty, sneaky,
slippery, roguish, knavish, disingenuous, treacherous,
perfidious, faithless, false, untrustworthy, wicked, evil,
Colloq crooked: Some people are totally unscrupulous in the
pursuit of their ambitions.

unseasonable
adj. unsuitable, inopportune, inappropriate, untimely,
ill-timed, inexpedient: Unseasonable frosts in April caused
severe damage to the flower buds.

unseemly adj. 1 improper, unrefined, unbecoming, indecorous, indelicate,
unbecoming, unladylike, ungentlemanly, undignified, in poor or
bad taste, disreputable, discreditable, risqu‚, naughty,
indecent, shameful, offensive, lewd, lascivious, obscene, rude,
coarse: Out of desperation, they engaged in some unseemly
activities. 2 impolitic, unwise, imprudent, inapt,
inappropriate, inopportune, inconvenient, uncalled-for,
unsuitable, improper, inadvisable, ill-advised, unbefitting,
unfitting, out of place or keeping, awkward, inauspicious,
inexpedient, unfortunate, ill-timed, untimely: It would be
unseemly for you to become involved with such a notorious

individual.

unselfish adj. generous, charitable, open-handed, ungrudging, unstinting,
unsparing, giving, magnanimous, philanthropic, humanitarian,
free, liberal, altruistic, selfless, self-sacrificing: We were
all greatly impressed by her unselfish concern for the
well-being of her colleagues.

unsettled adj. 1 unfixed, unstable, changing, varying, variable,
changeable, inconstant, ever-changing, protean, unpredictable,
inconstant, uncertain: The weather remained unsettled all week.
They told me of their unsettled life as gypsies. 2 disturbed,
turbulent, riled, agitated, disquieted, upset, perturbed,
ruffled, rattled, flustered, restive, restless, unnerved, US
roiled: It was being kept in the dark about Father that made us
feel unsettled. 3 disoriented, confused, mixed up, unorganized,
disorganized, disorderly, disordered, tumultuous: The unsettled
situation in the east worried us. 4 See unresolved, above:
Some questions about Ian remain unsettled.


unsettling
adj. unnerving, upsetting, disturbing, perturbing,
discomfiting, disconcerting: Sorry for being a wet blanket, but
I have had some unsettling news from home.


unsightly adj. ugly, hideous, awful-looking, horrible, frightful-looking,
unattractive, unprepossessing, unlovely, unpretty, plain, US and
Canadian homely: The property borders an unsightly junk-yard.


unsocial adj. unsociable, unfriendly, cool, cold, chilly, aloof,
uncongenial, unamiable, unforthcoming, standoffish,
inhospitable, withdrawn, reserved, solitary, retiring, distant,
detached, reclusive, hermitic(al), eremitic(al), anchoritic or
anchoretic; antisocial, misanthropic, hostile: Erwin, who
prefers to be alone, is definitely unsocial. Donna, who despises
other people, is unsocial for different reasons.

unsolicited
adj. unlooked-for, unsought, unsought after, unrequested,
unasked for, uncalled-for, gratuitous, uninvited; Colloq US
over-the-transom: Tanya is always offering unsolicited advice
on every conceivable subject. The publishers receive scores of
unsolicited book manuscripts each week.


unsophisticated
adj. 1 na‹ve, inexperienced, simple, childlike, unworldly,
innocent, ingenuous, artless, guileless: Is the unsophisticated
consumer sufficiently protected against unscrupulous traders? 2
simple, plain, uncomplicated, undetailed, uninvolved, unrefined:
The computers of twenty years ago were unsophisticated compared
with those of today.


unsound adj. 1 weak, feeble, frail, rickety, shaky, ramshackle, infirm,
unstable, wobbly, tottering, unsteady, broken-down, crumbling,
disintegrating, dilapidated, defective, imperfect, faulty,
decayed, rotten: The building inspector condemned the structure
as unsound and unsafe. 2 unhealthy, diseased, ill, afflicted, in
poor health, ailing, sickly, sick, unwell, delicate, injured,
wounded: The attack of flu left him unsound in wind and limb.
3 insane, mad, psychotic, unbalanced, unstable, demented,
deranged: The doctors said that she was still of unsound mind
and ought not be released. 4 illogical, faulty, flawed,
fallacious, untenable, invalid, groundless, unfounded,
erroneous, defective, specious: We thought that his arguments
were unsound, so we rejected his recommendations.

unspoiled adj. unspoilt, unsullied, pristine, virgin, whole, untainted,
unstained, immaculate, uncorrupted, unpolluted, spotless,
stainless: The house has been preserved in its original
condition, unspoiled by modern additions.

unstable adj. 1 changeable, variable, unsteady, inconstant,
inconsistent, insecure, capricious, fickle, irregular,
unpredictable, unreliable, erratic, volatile, fluctuating,
flighty, mercurial, vacillating, tergiversating, indecisive,
undecided, irresolute, indefinite, unsettled: He seems too
unstable to maintain a long-standing relationship. 2 See
unsound, 1, above.

unsuccessful
adj. 1 unfortunate, unavailing, vain, abortive, useless,
bootless, fruitless, unfruitful, unproductive, ineffective,
ineffectual, inefficacious, worthless, unprofitable, sterile:
We made an unsuccessful attempt to regain control of the
company. 2 unlucky, hapless, unfortunate, luckless, defeated,
beaten, jinxed, cursed, foiled, frustrated, balked: Trevor

complained that he had been unsuccessful in business all his
life.

unsung adj. uncelebrated, unrecognized, unglorified, unexalted,
unpraised, unhonoured, unnoticed, disregarded, unknown,
anonymous, unidentified, nameless, obscure, insignificant,
inconspicuous: I have no wish to add to the long list of unsung
authors of the twentieth century.


unsuspecting
adj. unsuspicious, unwary, unknowing, ignorant, unconscious,
gullible, credulous, na‹ve, ingenuous, innocent, trusting;
unaware, off guard: Martin became an unsuspecting dupe in
Lambert's plot to embezzle money from the bank.


unsympathetic
adj. uncaring, unconcerned, callous, unfeeling, unaffected,
untouched, unmoved, indifferent, unemotional, dispassionate,
uncompassionate, unreactive, unresponsive, impassive, stolid,
cold, cool, aloof, unstirred, apathetic, insensitive, stoic(al),
stony, adamant, stony-hearted, hard-hearted, unpitying,
pitiless, ruthless: We were unable to understand Taylor's
unsympathetic attitude to the suffering around him.


untamed adj. undomesticated, wild, unbroken, unsubdued, uncontrollable,
savage, fierce, feral, ferocious: In the story, the wolf boy
behaves like an untamed beast.

untarnished
adj. unsoiled, unsullied, immaculate, spotless, unspotted,
untainted, faultless, uncorrupted, unfouled, chaste, lily-white,
undefiled, virginal: Despite the obloquy heaped on his
colleagues, his own reputation remained untarnished.


untenable adj. insupportable or unsupportable, indefensible,
unsustainable, unmaintainable, unjustified, unjustifiable,
baseless, groundless, unfounded, flawed, faulty, weak,
illogical, specious, implausible, unreasonable, unsound: It is
beyond me why he holds so tenaciously to such untenable views.


unthinkable
adj. 1 inconceivable, unbelievable, unimaginable, incredible,
incomprehensible, beyond belief, extraordinary, Colloq

mind-boggling, Slang mind-blowing: It seemed unthinkable that
such a mild-mannered man could have been a mass murderer. 2
unacceptable, absurd, illogical, impossible, improbable,
unlikely, out of the question, preposterous, ridiculous,
laughable, ludicrous, Colloq not on: It is simply unthinkable
for her to go to the ball unattended.

unthinking
adj. 1 thoughtless, mindless, undiscriminating, unconsidered,
unwitting, unreflecting, unthoughtful, irrational, unreasonable,
illogical, unperceptive, unperceiving, undiscerning, witless,
brainless, foolish, senseless, nonsensical, rash, stupid, silly,
mad, crazy, insane, idiotic, moronic, imbecilic, hasty,
short-sighted: It was unthinking of me to ask her mother to go
out to dinner with us. 2 inconsiderate, impolite, tactless,
rude, thoughtless, undiplomatic, discourteous, uncivil,
imprudent, unwise, indiscreet, neglectful: On the other hand,
it would have been unthinking of me not to ask her mother.


untidy adj. disorderly, messy, dishevelled, unkempt, slovenly,
slatternly, bedraggled, rumpled, frowzy, sloppy, dirty;
littered, cluttered, chaotic, helter-skelter, jumbled, Archaic
draggle-tailed, Colloq US mussy, mussed-up: You should never go
to the door looking so untidy. Ken's papers are always so
untidy.

untiring adj. unflagging, determined, indefatigable, dogged,
persevering, perseverant, tireless, unwearying, unwearied,
dogged, dedicated, unfailing, unfaltering, steady: Kim has
always been an untiring perfectionist.

untold adj. 1 countless, uncounted, uncountable, unnumbered,
numberless, innumerable, myriad, incalculable; immeasurable,
measureless, unlimited: Untold millions are lost through tax
fraud each year. 2 unrecounted, unnarrated, undescribed,
unpublished, unrevealed, undisclosed, undivulged, unreported,
private, hidden, secret: How many untold stories are there in
the naked city? 3 inexpressible, unutterable, indescribable,
unimaginable, inconceivable, unthinkable, unspeakable: The
untold agony that man went through because of his family's
illnesses!

untoward adj. 1 adverse, unfavourable, unpropitious, discouraging,

inopportune, unpromising, bleak, inauspicious, bad, unfortunate:
The rainstorm created untoward conditions, causing the river to
rise dangerously. 2 unbecoming, unfitting, awkward,
inappropriate, unapt, unsuitable, improper, impolite, rude,
boorish, ungentlemanly, unladylike, indecorous, indelicate,
unwarranted, uncalled-for, unrefined, unseemly, unwise,
imprudent, undiplomatic, tactless, untactful, ill-conceived,
silly, foolish, stupid, ill-timed, vexatious, vexing,
irritating, annoying: Charles made some untoward remark about
the size of Sandra's feet.

untried adj. untested, unproved or unproven, new: He may be good at
homes, but he is as yet untried as the designer of a library.


untrue adj. 1 unfaithful, faithless, disloyal, fickle, capricious,
undependable, unreliable, dishonourable, untrustworthy, false,
hypocritical, dishonest, insincere, two-faced, duplicitous,
devious, deceitful, treacherous, perfidious: Only when I saw
her with Henry did I realize that Pauline had been untrue to me.
2 wrong, false, inaccurate, incorrect, erroneous, misleading,
mistaken, distorted: What you said about Pauline was simply
untrue. 3 inexact, non-standard, substandard, imprecise,
imperfect: How unfortunate for legend had William Tell's aim
been untrue!


unused adj. 1 (brand) new, untouched, pristine, original, intact,
fresh, firsthand: He sold me his unused computer for half what
it cost. 2 disused, abandoned, derelict, neglected, given up:
We hid in an old unused factory building. 3 unconsumed,
leftover, remaining, left: If dissatisfied with this product,
return the unused portion for a full refund. 4 unused to.
unaccustomed to, unfamiliar with, inexperienced in or at,
amateurish at, unpractised in or at, uninitiated in: I am quite
unused to doing that sort of thing.


unusual adj. uncommon, exceptional, atypical, untypical, different,
unexpected, singular, out of the ordinary, extraordinary, odd,
peculiar, curious, bizarre, strange, queer, remarkable, unique,
freakish, unprecedented, unconventional, unorthodox, Slang
off-the-wall: It takes an unusual person to be as charitable as
Jean. Don't you agree that an egg-laying mammal is a bit
unusual?

unvarnished
adj. plain, simple, pure, unembellished, straightforward,
straight, direct, honest, unelaborated, naked, stark, sincere,
frank, candid, outspoken: My dear, let me tell you the
unvarnished truth about Marnie and Jim.

unveil v. reveal, expose, uncover, lay bare or open, bare, bring to
light: They will unveil a rival bid at tomorrow's meeting. Only
after William died did Cynthia unveil the truth about his double
life.

unwarranted
adj. uncalled-for, unasked, unasked for, unjustified,
indefensible, unjust, unfair, unconscionable, unworthy,
improper, inexcusable, gratuitous, unmerited, undeserved,
unprovoked, outrageous, excessive, unreasonable, unrestrained,
intemperate, untempered, immoderate, undue, unnecessary: The
police were accused of unwarranted use of force in ejecting the
rowdies from the pub.


unwary adj. heedless, careless, hasty, incautious, unguarded,
imprudent, rash, foolhardy, reckless, thoughtless, indiscreet,
unthinking, mindless, unwise: Many perils await the unwary
traveller. It was unwary of you not to lock the doors and
windows.

unwashed adj. 1 dirty, uncleaned, unclean, uncleansed: Separate your
personal things from the unwashed laundry in the hamper.


--n. 2 the (great) unwashed. Derogatory the rabble, the
masses, the mob, the plebs, people (at large or in general), the
population, the populace, the man or woman in the street, Mr (&
Mrs) Average, the working class(es), most people, the (silent)
majority, US John Q. Public: The effort to sell expensive
brandy to the great unwashed failed miserably.

unwelcome adj. 1 uninvited, unsought for, unwished for, undesired,
undesirable, displeasing, unpleasing, distasteful, unpleasant:
My day was further ruined by the unwelcome arrival of all those
bills. 2 unwanted, rejected, unaccepted, excluded; persona non
grata, anathema: Following that episode, Curshaw was made to
feel unwelcome at the club.

unwholesome
adj. 1 unhealthy, unhealthful, detrimental, deleterious,
pernicious, insalubrious, unhygienic, insalutary, harmful,
noxious, toxic, injurious, destructive: Fernthwaite finally
succumbed to the unwholesome climate and had to be sent home. 2
corrupt, immoral, bad, wicked, evil, sinful, perverted;
demoralizing, depraved, degrading, corrupting, perverting: The
social worker said it was wrong for a child to be raised in such
an unwholesome atmosphere. 3 ill, ailing, sickly, sick, pale,
wan, anaemic, pallid, pasty: Their unwholesome complexion comes
from malnutrition.

unwieldy adj. awkward, clumsy, bulky, oversized, cumbersome, ungainly,
unmanageable, unhandy, unmanoeuvrable: The huge oil tankers,
though economical, often proved unwieldy in the ports they
visited.

unwonted adj. infrequent, unusual, uncustomary, uncommon, unfamiliar,
unprecedented, rare, singular, atypical, abnormal, peculiar,
odd, strange, irregular, unconventional, unorthodox: All this
unwonted physical exercise made them exhausted by evening.

unworthy adj. 1 unequal, meritless, unmerited, substandard, inferior,
second-rate, menial, puny, petty, paltry, unprofessional,
mediocre, despicable, contemptible, dishonourable, ignoble,
disreputable, discreditable, unqualified, ineligible, unfit,
undeserving: I consider Patrick an unworthy opponent. 2
unworthy of. unbecoming to, inappropriate to, unsuitable for,
unfit for, out of character for, inconsistent with or for, out
of place with or for, incongruous with or for: That sort of
petty haggling is unworthy of your position and of you.

21.5 upbeat...
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-



upbeat adj. positive, optimistic, sanguine, favourable, cheerful,
encouraging, heartening, buoyant, light-hearted: Christopher
has a very upbeat attitude towards life despite his age.


upbraid v. scold, rebuke, reprimand, reproach, berate, castigate,
chastise, reprove, chide, censure, take to task, Colloq tell
off, tick off, dress down, give a dressing-down, give (someone)

a piece of (one's) mind, tell (someone) a thing or two, rake
(someone) over the coals, jump on or all over, bawl out, US chew
out: The boys were soundly upbraided for going near the railway
tracks.


upbringing
n. rearing, raising, training, education, cultivation, nurture,
breeding: The way one behaves through life is really a matter
of upbringing.


upheaval n. upset, unrest, commotion, change, cataclysm, disruption,
disturbance, disorder, confusion, chaos, furore, or US furor:
Those were times of drastic political upheaval in Asia.


uphold v. support, maintain, sustain, preserve, hold up, defend,
protect, advocate, promote, espouse, embrace, endorse, back,
champion, stand by: All demagogues claim to uphold democratic
principles.


upkeep n. 1 maintenance, repair, support, sustenance, preservation,
conservation, subsistence, running, operation: The upkeep of
the infrastructure came to ten per cent of the annual budget
last year. 2 (operating) costs, (running) expenses, outlay,
expenditure, Brit overheads, oncosts, US overhead: Have you
included upkeep in the annual expenses?

upper adj. 1 higher (up), loftier, topmost, more elevated, uppermost:
Air is less dense in the upper parts of the atmosphere. Our flat
is on an upper floor. Her best notes are sung in the upper
register. 2 higher, upland, more elevated; (more) northerly,
northern: We visited the cataracts on the upper reaches of the
Nile. We spent the holiday in upper Canada. 3 later, more
recent: These strata were laid down in the Upper Cretaceous
period. 4 upper case. capital letter(s), capital(s), majuscule
(letters or characters): The heading ought to be in upper case.
5 upper crust. upper class, ‚lite, aristocrats, nobles, blue
bloods, wealthy, US Four Hundred: Gregory thinks of himself as
a member of the upper crust and won't associate with us. 6 upper
hand. advantage, control, authority, power, sway, superiority,
supremacy, command, dominance, ascendancy, Colloq edge: Purvis
kowtows to whoever has the upper hand.

--n. 7 on (one's) uppers. poor, indigent, destitute,

poverty-stricken, Colloq broke: Stanley has been on his uppers
since losing his job.

upper-class
adj. 1 ‚lite, aristocratic, blue-blooded, well-born, noble,
high-born, patrician, Colloq upper crust: Eunice comes from an
upper-class Irish family. 2 high-class, elegant, fancy,
luxurious, first-rate, de luxe, royal, regal, sumptuous, Colloq
swank(y), ritzy, posh: I'll have you know that we stayed only
in upper-class hotels on our tour.

uppermost adj. 1 highest, topmost, loftiest, highest, top: These curious
animals live in the uppermost branches of the trees. 2
foremost, first, most important or prominent or influential or
telling, principal, paramount, pre-eminent, predominant:
Uppermost in my mind is the safety of the children.

uppish adj. affected, putting on airs, snobbish, conceited,
overweening, self-important, Colloq uppity, snooty, high and
mighty, hoity-toity, highfalutin or hifalutin, stuck-up, on
(one's) high horse, Slang snotty, Brit toffee-nosed: Even if
she is in charge she doesn't have to be so uppish.

upright adj. 1 erect, perpendicular, vertical, on end, straight up and
down, plumb, stand-up, standing up, Brit upstanding: Few
upright columns of the Greek temple remained. 2 moral,
principled, high-minded, ethical, virtuous, upstanding,
straight, righteous, straightforward, honourable, honest, just,
trustworthy, unimpeachable, uncorrupt(ed), incorruptible,
decent, good: David had long been an upright member of the
church council.

--n. 3 post, pole, column, vertical, perpendicular: We need
another upright to support the floor over here.


--adv. 4 perpendicularly, vertically, upward(s), straight up
(and down): The javelin was sticking upright out of the ground.
5 right side up: Miraculously, the platter with the roast on it
landed upright on the floor.


uprising n. rebellion, revolt, mutiny, revolution, insurrection, rising,
putsch, coup (d'‚tat): The government quelled the uprising with
water cannons and tear gas.


uproar n. clamour, hubbub, disturbance, commotion, hullabaloo,
brouhaha, din, racket, pandemonium, tumult, turmoil, pother,
outcry, outburst, bedlam, agitation, frenzy, broil, rumpus,
fuss; affray, fracas, brawl; Colloq hoo-ha, to-do, US hoop-la,
Brit kerfuffle or carfuffle or kurfuffle: The announcement of
the new taxes caused a nation-wide uproar.

uproarious
adj. 1 clamorous, noisy, deafening, tumultuous, turbulent,
tempestuous, excited, frenzied, rowdy, riotous, disorderly,
wild: We had an uproarious party on New Year's Eve. 2
hilarious, hysterical, (screamingly) funny, side-splitting,
Colloq too funny for words, killing: Leslie told his uproarious
story about Colonel Cholmondley and the tiger.

uproot v. 1 transfer, transplant, move, displace; exile, banish:
Finney has been uprooted five times in his career with the firm.
2 deracinate, extirpate, root out, dig out, pluck out, tear out;
destroy, demolish, ruin, eradicate, annihilate, kill, ruin,
devastate, ravage: Thousands of trees were uprooted by the
hurricane.

upset v. 1 disturb, agitate, distress, unsettle, put off, put out,
perturb, disquiet, fluster, ruffle, frighten, scare, disconcert,
dismay, trouble, worry, bother, discompose, make (someone)
nervous: We once had a nanny who told the children horror
stories just to upset them. 2 overturn, capsize, topple, up-end,
tip over, knock over or down, invert, turn topsy-turvy or upside
down, spill: That is the third time this week you have upset
the cream jug. 3 disturb, derange, disrupt, disarrange, mess
up, disorganize, snarl up, jumble, muddle, Colloq Brit kerfuffle
or carfuffle or kurfuffle: The boys upset the entire house with
their horseplay. 4 overthrow, defeat, beat, worst, thrash,
rout, conquer, overcome, win out over, get the better of, get or
gain the advantage over, triumph over, be victorious over,
vanquish: The question is whether the challenger will upset the
champion in the Wimbledon finals. 5 defeat, ruin, spoil, thwart,
interfere with, destroy, demolish, mess up, disturb, Colloq
throw a Brit spanner in(to) or US monkey wrench into (the
works), US discombobulate, Slang screw up, gum up, put the
kibosh on, Taboo slang fuck up , Brit bugger up: Your coming
early upset my plan to shampoo my hair.


--adj. 6 capsized, overturned, upside down, bottom side up,
inverted, reversed, toppled, tipped over, topsy-turvy: We clung
to the bottom of the upset boat till help arrived. 7 sick,
queasy: Eve has an upset stomach and cannot go. 8 perturbed,
disturbed, disquieted, disconcerted, agitated, distressed,
worried, troubled, unnerved, distracted, apprehensive, nervous,
frightened, scared, afraid: We found Valdimir in a terribly
upset state at Natasha's disappearance. 9 disordered, confused,
disorganized, messed-up, jumbled, muddled, disturbed,
disarranged: The house is never so upset as after a party. 10
angry, irate, furious, beside oneself, mad, Colloq fit to be
tied, Slang freaked out: Father was upset because I took the
car without his permission.


--n. 11 defeat, upsetting, conquest, overthrow, rout,
thrashing, triumph, victory: We celebrated the upset of Queen's
Park Rangers by Manchester United. 12 surprise, unexpected event
or occurrence: The upset of the season was when Carridoff won
the Derby.

upshot n. result, end (result), outcome, ending, conclusion,
termination, effect, after-effect, fallout, wake, backwash,
repercussion, after-clap, feedback, resolution, culmination,
denouement or d‚nouement, issue, Colloq pay-off, US wrap-up:
The upshot of the nasty business was that Bowles was sent to
prison for life.

upstart n. parvenu(e), arriviste, nouveau riche, (social) climber,
status-seeker, pretender, nobody: That upstart husband of
Dora's tried to get me to invest in some scheme of his.

uptake n. comprehension, understanding, apprehension, grasp,
perception, insight, perspicaciousness, perspicacity,
perceptiveness, sensitivity: Billie was very quick on the
uptake, and knew immediately what the man was after.

21.6 urge...
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urge v. 1 press, push, drive, force, impel, speed, accelerate,
hurry, rush, hustle, move, goad, prod, egg on, spur: He urged

his steed onward. 2 press, goad, prod, egg on, spur, prompt,
induce, incite, constrain, exhort, encourage, demand, request,
ask, plead (with), beseech, beg, entreat, importune: We've been
urging the police for months to investigate the goings-on at
that house. 3 coax, persuade, induce, prevail upon, campaign
(with), sway, influence, talk into, advise, suggest, counsel:
The agents urged them to sell their house while the market was
good. 4 argue, set forth, affirm, state, allege, assert, hold,
advise, advocate, demand: The residents urged that the planning
board should deny permission for a supermarket.

--n. 5 pressure, impetus, desire, compulsion, impulse, itch,
longing, yearning, drive, fancy, hunger, thirst, craving, Colloq
yen: We stopped because Corey felt the urge to have some
ice-cream.

urgency n. imperativeness, pressure, stress, extremity, importance,
seriousness, importunity, necessity, need, insistence, exigency,
emergency: She was told to ring back as a matter of some
urgency.

urgent adj. 1 immediate, instant, imperative, pressing, compelling,
vital, life-and-death or life-or-death, important, serious,
necessary, exigent, rush, emergency, pressing, high-priority:
There was an urgent need to do something at once, so she
screamed. 2 supplicative, begging, solicitous, earnest,
importunate, insistent, loud, clamorous, active, energetic,
pertinacious, tenacious, forceful, firm: Both parties were
urgent in pressing for tax reform.


urinate v. pass or make water, Technical micturate; Babytalk (make a)
wee, (go) wee-wee, (have a or US also take a) pee, (make)
pee-pee, do number one, tinkle, piddle; Euphemistic go to the
men's or ladies' (room), go to the lavatory, excuse (oneself),
wash (one's) hands, go to the bathroom, go to the powder-room;
Mincing go to the little boys' or girls' room; Colloq Brit spend
a penny, go to the loo, Slang (take or have a) piss, Brit have a
or go for a slash: One symptom of cystitis is pain when
urinating.


21.7 usage...
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usage n. 1 use, custom, habit, practice, routine, convention, form,
tradition: British usage reflects decreasing use of the
subjunctive mood. 2 treatment, use, management, handling,
operation, manipulation: It would appear that the car has been
subjected to some rough usage.

use v. 1 employ, make use of, put into practice or operation,
practise, utilize, exercise, bring into play, have recourse to,
resort to, put or press into service, put to use, avail
(oneself) of; say, utter, speak: If you use a hammer you might
damage the surface. Why do you have to use bad language? 2
capitalize on, turn to account, profit by or from, exploit,
utilize, make use of, take advantage of, manipulate, manoeuvre,
handle, abuse, misuse, play, work: She used her smile to lure
men on. Dorothy never forgave Conrad for the way he used her and
her contacts to get his job. 3 consume, eat, drink, smoke, take,
partake of, ingest, inject, Slang shoot (up): He has never used
a habit-forming substance. 4 consume, buy, purchase, employ,
utilize: Which kind of detergent do you use? 5 use up.
consume, exhaust, expend, run through, run out of, deplete;
waste, squander, fritter away, pour down the drain, throw away:
He used up all the toothpaste. She used up her entire
inheritance gambling.


--n. 6 usage, application, employment, utilization; using: The
use of unleaded fuel is recommended. 7 function, utility,
application; advantage, benefit, good, service, interest,
profit, avail: What's the use of a radio that doesn't work? 8
wear (and tear), utilization, treatment, usage, handling: Long
use has worn the workbench smooth. 9 usability, usefulness,
utility, utilization, usage, function, functioning, service(s),
serviceability, power: He lost the use of his right arm in an
accident at work. 10 licence, permission, permit, privilege:
We paid a high fee for the use of this parking space. 11
consumption, purchases, buying, acquisition: The use of
cigarettes has diminished in the last decade. 12 advantage,
purpose, point, end, object, reason, basis, ground: I have
tried to help him overcome his habit, but what's the use? Many
are the uses of adversity. 13 demand, need, necessity, urgency,
exigency: The world has as much use for art as for engineering.
14 See usage, 1, above. 15 have no use for. execrate, detest,
abhor, hate, despise, scorn, contemn, spurn, reject, dislike:

We have no use for cowards in this regiment.

used adj. 1 second-hand, cast-off, old, worn, Euphemistic pre-owned,
Colloq hand-me-down, Brit reach-me-down: You're better off
buying a good used car, since new ones depreciate so quickly. 2
utilized, employed, occupied; in use: We slept in a rarely used
room. 3 used to. accustomed to, habituated to, acclimatized or
acclimated to, adapted to, hardened or toughened or inured to or
against, tempered to, tolerant of; familiar or acquainted with:
After all those years, Amanda was used to Bill's shouting.

useful adj. utilitarian, functional, serviceable, practical, usable,
of use, beneficial, salutary, advantageous, expedient,
profitable, valuable, gainful, helpful, fruitful, productive,
effective, worthwhile: Does this knob serve any useful purpose?
We had some very useful conversations with the bank manager.

usefulness
n. utility, applicability, practicability, purpose,
purposefulness, point, practicality, benefit, advantage,
expediency, profit, profitability, value, gain, help,
fruitfulness, effectiveness, worth: I never could see the
usefulness of all the forms one has to fill in.


useless adj. 1 ineffective, ineffectual, unserviceable, impractical,
impracticable, unpractical, unavailing, vain, pointless,
purposeless, idle, futile, unproductive, unsuccessful, impotent,
effete, sterile, barren, abortive, unusable, bootless,
worthless, Rare inutile: The treatment that she tried was quite
useless. 2 inefficient, incompetent, unproductive, ineffectual,
ineffective, hopeless, inept: My dachshund has proved totally
useless as a watchdog.

user n. 1 consumer, buyer, purchaser, owner; operator: Users of the
equipment report excellent results. 2 alcohol or drug or
narcotic addict: The police have been interviewing users in
order to obtain more information about the dealers.

user-friendly
adj. simple, practicable, usable, explicit, accommodating,
understandable: The system is designed to be particularly
user-friendly.

usual adj. same, customary, habitual, accustomed, familiar,
well-known, common, everyday, established, traditional, set,
time-honoured, old, conventional, workaday, stock, wonted,
regular, ordinary, normal, expected, routine, typical,
run-of-the-mill, stereotypic(al), hackneyed, trite, prosaic,
worn out, shop-worn, predictable, unexceptional, unoriginal,
unremarkable, unimaginative: The usual answer I get is 'Why?' I
missed my usual train this morning. They still sing the usual
drinking songs.


usually adv. customarily, as a rule, generally (speaking), most of the
time, for the most part, most often, mostly, almost always,
inveterately, on the whole, normally, commonly, regularly,
predominantly, chiefly, all things considered, in the main,
mainly, by and large, as usual, Colloq as per usual: I usually
walk home from the office. Johnson usually interviews applicants
in the morning.

21.8 Utopia...
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Utopia n. paradise, heaven, seventh heaven, (Garden of) Eden, bliss,
cloud-cuckoo-land, Nephelococcygia, never-never land,
Shangri-La, Cockaigne or Cockayne, heaven on earth, perfection:
He dreams about a Utopia where everyone is rich and there are no
taxes.

utterly adv. completely, perfectly, absolutely, thoroughly, fully,
entirely, wholly, unreservedly, totally, unqualifiedly,
out-and-out, altogether, overwhelmingly, unequivocally,
categorically, definitely, properly; extremely, Brit dialect
proper; (with) no holds barred, body and soul, head over heels:
The proposal was utterly defeated in the Commons. That was an
utterly foolish act. She gave herself to him utterly.

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